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North Slope Borough Alaska
69.00N - 154.00W
Location: The North Slope Borough is the largest borough in Alaska, over 15% of the total land area. It consists primarily of the north and northeastern coast of Alaska, including the Brooks Range, north of the Arctic Circle.
History: Inupiat Eskimos have lived in the Borough for centuries, active in trading between Alaskan and Canadian bands. Atqasuk was a source of coal during World War II. Oil exploration in the 1960s led to the development of the huge reserves in Prudhoe Bay and, subsequently, the Trans-Alaska Pipeline in the 1970s. Today, oil operations support between 4,000 and 5,000 oil company and support service employees in the Borough. After the passage of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA) in 1971, families from Barrow re-settled the abandoned villages of Atqasuk and Nuiqsut.
Culture: The majority of permanent residents of the Borough are Inupiat Eskimos. Traditional marine mammal hunts and other subsistence practices are an active part of the culture.
Economy: The North Slope Borough generates over $40,000 per resident in oil tax revenues annually, and spends nearly as much in Borough employment and services to its communities. The primary employer of local Native residents is therefore the Borough. North Slope oil field operations provide employment to over 5,000 non-residents, who rotate in and out of oil work sites from Anchorage, other areas of the state, and the lower 48. Census figures are not indicative of this population. Nine borough residents hold commercial fishing permits.
Transportation: Air travel provides the only year-round access, while land transportation provides seasonal access. The Dawson Highway provides road access, though it is restricted during winter months. "Cat-trains" are sometimes used to transport freight overland from Barrow during the winter.
Climate: The borough's climate is arctic. Temperatures range from -56 to 78. Precipitation is light, at 5 inches, with snowfall averaging 20 inches.
Facilities: This information is available on a community basis. Communities located within the Borough include: Anaktuvuk Pass, Atqasuk, Barrow, Deadhorse/Prudhoe Bay, Kaktovik, Nuiqsut, Point Hope, Point Lay, and Wainwright.
View current weather in North Slope Borough
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